Машина для упаковки и обмотки шин для легковых автомобилей: определение размера по коду шины.

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Selecting the correct orbital tyre wrapping machine for passenger car radial (PCR) tyres depends on precise calculation of outer diameter (OD), inner bead diameter (ID), and cross-section width directly from the sidewall tyre code. Standard machines operate within defined mechanical windows: the ФПТ-200 covers tyre outer diameters of 510 – 800 мм, inner diameters of 300 – 700 мм, and widths up to 250 мм, matching the vast majority of passenger vehicles. Larger SUV, 4×4, and light truck tyres (such as 265/70R17) often cross boundary dimensions, requiring verification against the heavy-duty ФПТ-300 envelope (Внешний диаметр 800–1,200 мм, вплоть до Ширина 300 мм, нагрузка 100 кг). This engineering guide outlines the dimensional formulas, kinematic cycle times, material tension controls, and mechanical clearance factors required to match your production batch with the correct packaging system.

How Does the Tyre Wrapping Process Work?

A vertical orbital tyre packing machine wraps stretch film or protective tape through the tyre center bore and around the toroidal cross-section (tread and both sidewalls). The operational kinematics follow a coordinated two-axis motion sequence:

  1. Tyre Infeed and Positioning: The operator or feeding arm positions the tyre vertically on two bottom polyurethane-coated drive rollers.
  2. Orbital Ring Shuttle: The rotating ring carries the film tension dispenser. As the ring rotates through the internal bead diameter, the drive rollers rotate the tyre around its horizontal center axis.
  3. Helical Overlap Application: Synchronized dual variable frequency drives (VFDs) control the rotational ratio between the ring and the support rollers, maintaining an exact overlap pitch across the tread circumference.
  4. Стабилизация: An integrated pneumatic overhead press roller or bracket keeps lightweight or low-aspect-ratio tyres aligned on the drive rollers during rotation, eliminating vibration and axial skewing.
  5. Сброс цикла: Upon completing the preset wrap layers, the ring automatically stops at its home position, allowing rapid unloading and immediate reloading for the next cycle.

How to Calculate OD and ID from the Tyre Code

Standard metric tyre designations (ISO metric sizing) define section width, aspect ratio, construction type, and wheel rim diameter. For example, in 205 / 55R16:

  • Ширина секции (Ш): 205 mm (nominal cross-section width from sidewall to sidewall).
  • Соотношение сторон (AR): 55% (sidewall height expressed as a percentage of nominal width).
  • Строительство: R (Radial construction).
  • Rim Diameter (RD): 16 inches (1 inch = 25.4 mm).

Формулы расчета:

  • Sidewall Height (SH): SH = W × (AR / 100)
  • Внешний диаметр (НД): OD = (RD × 25.4) + (2 × SH)
  • Internal Bead Diameter (ID): ID ≈ RD × 25.4 (approximate opening clearance at the bead seats).
Код шин Nominal Width (W) Sidewall Height (SH) Расчетное значение OD Bead ID (Approx.) Compatible Standard Machine
175 / 65R14 175 мм 113.8 мм 583 мм 356 мм ФПТ-200
205 / 55R16 205 мм 112.8 мм 632 мм 406 мм ФПТ-200
225 / 45R18 225 мм 101.3 мм 660 мм 457 мм ФПТ-200
265 / 70R17 265 мм 185.5 мм 803 мм 432 мм Boundary / Custom Engineering

Calculation Example (205/55R16): OD = (16 × 25.4) + (2 × 205 × 0.55) = 406.4 + 225.5 = 631.9 mm (rounded to 632 mm). The bead inner diameter is 16 × 25.4 = 406.4 mm (Прибл. 406 mm), confirming that both dimensions sit within the processing window of the FPT-200.

Which Model Fits My Tyre Specifications?

Machine selection depends on confirming that the tyre outer diameter, inner bead opening, cross-section width, and unit weight fall inside the continuous operating envelope.

Параметр FPT-200 (Standard PCR Window) FPT-300 (SUV / Light Commercial Window)
Tyre Outer Diameter (OD) 510 – 800 мм 800 – 1,200 мм
Tyre Inner Diameter (ID) 300 – 700 мм 500 – 900 мм
Tyre Cross-Section Width 40 – 250 мм 80 – 300 мм
Maximum Tyre Weight 30 кг 100 кг
Rotating Ring Speed 0–120 об/мин (управление с помощью частотно-регулируемого привода) 30–110 об/мин (управление с помощью частотно-регулируемого привода)
Net Wrapping Cycle Time 18–30 seconds per tyre 25–40 seconds per tyre
Номинальная мощность привода 1.5 кВт 2.0 кВт

Sizing and Stacking Considerations:

  • Single-Tyre Processing: The width boundary (250 mm on FPT-200; 300 mm on FPT-300) is engineered for single-tyre wrapping. Bundling two 205 mm tyres yields a total width of 410 mm, exceeding the throat opening of standard PCR orbital rings. Multi-tyre bundling requires dedicated long-stroke horizontal wrapping systems.
  • Structural Weight Ceilings: Reinforced run-flat tyres, heavy all-terrain (A/T) designs, and commercial light truck tyres can exceed 30 kg. Even if the OD measures under 800 mm, tyres over 30 kg should be routed to the FPT-300 to prevent premature wear on the support roller bearings and drive transmission.

What Happens if My Tyre Size Falls Between Models?

Certain large SUV and all-terrain tyres land directly on dimensional boundaries. A prime example is 265 / 70R17:

  • OD: 803 mm (slightly exceeds the 800 mm limit of FPT-200).
  • Bead ID: 432 mm (falls below the 500 mm standard minimum inner diameter of FPT-300).
  • Ширина: 265 mm (exceeds the 250 mm maximum width limit of FPT-200).

Because this tyre meets neither standard envelope off the shelf, factory mechanical adjustments are required:

  1. Expanding the FPT-200 Frame: Modifying the roller center-to-center distance and extending the ring clearance arch to accept an 803–820 mm OD and 270 mm width while preserving the low 300 mm ID capability.
  2. Adapting the FPT-300 Shuttle Path: Customizing the film roll carriage assembly to allow inward reach into a 430 mm bead cavity on an otherwise large-diameter ring.

Submitting your complete SKU matrix prevents envelope mismatch before equipment manufacturing.

How Long Does Wrapping Take? Cycle Time Analysis

Packaging cycle time consists of net machine wrapping time plus material handling (loading and unloading). The table below compares cycle calculations on an FPT-200 running single-operator manual loading:

Шаг процесса Fast Tyre (e.g., 175/65R14, Light Wrap) Standard/Heavy Tyre (e.g., 225/45R18, Dense Overlap)
Net Ring Wrapping Time 18 с 30 с
Manual Load & Unload Allowance 15 с 15 с
Total Cycle Time per Tyre 33 с 45 с
Theoretical Continuous Output ~109 tyres/hour 80 шин/час

Оперативная записка: Actual shift throughput depends on operator pacing, film roll replacement intervals, and line integration. Integrating an inline pneumatic roll-in/roll-out ramp or automated gravity ejector reduces handling time from 15 seconds down to 5–8 seconds.

What Materials and Overlap Settings Are Used?

The wrapping carriage accommodates multiple industrial protective films depending on transit protection criteria:

  • Совместимые расходные материалы: Polyethylene (PE) film, LLDPE stretch film, circular woven PP knit belt, anti-rust VCI film, and composite kraft/crepe paper.
  • Overlap Regulation: Установить между 10% и 80% via inverter-controlled speed differentials between the ring motor and bottom roller motor.
  • Напряжение управления: Maintained via a mechanical friction brake roller system with micro-adjustment springs to prevent bead distortion on soft PCR sidewalls while guaranteeing tight puncture-resistant containment.
  • Logo and Branding Striping: An auxiliary unpowered dispenser applies a narrow continuous printed logo band around the tyre OD simultaneously during the outer wrapping passes.

Utility and Safety Specifications

Инженерный параметр ФПТ-200 ФПТ-300
Стандартное электроснабжение AC 380 V, 50 Hz, 3-Phase (60 Hz / 220 V / 480 V optional) AC 380 V, 50 Hz, 3-Phase (60 Hz / 220 V / 480 V optional)
Установленная мощность 1.5 кВт 2.0 кВт
Pneumatic Air Requirement 0.4–0.6 MPa (used with top stabilizer / auto-clamp) 0.4–0.6 MPa (used with top stabilizer / auto-clamp)
Safety Standard References ИСО 12100:2010, ЕН 415-10:2014. ИСО 12100:2010, ЕН 415-10:2014.

Mechanical guards, perimeter protective mesh, and emergency stop interlocks isolate the rotating ring area. Drive motors incorporate dynamic braking for rapid shutdown upon safety circuit interruption.

What Data Must You Provide for a Firm Configuration?

To confirm ring clearance, roller center spacing, and drive power, please provide:

  • Complete list of tyre size codes (smallest OD/ID up to largest OD/ID).
  • Maximum section width (inflated or uninflated bead state).
  • Tyre weight range (minimum and maximum in kg).
  • Wrapping material type (Stretch film, woven PE/PP tape, or paper).
  • Target production capacity (tyres per hour or tyres per shift).
  • Plant operating voltage, phase, and utility frequency (V / Hz / Phase).

Часто задаваемые вопросы по инженерным вопросам

Q: Can one vertical tyre wrapper handle both small PCR and heavy truck (TBR) tyres? A: No. Truck and bus radial (TBR) tyres typically exceed 1,000–1,300 mm ОД, 250–350 mm width, and weigh between 50 kg и 90 kg. A standard PCR wrapper lacks the ring throat opening and structural roller load capacity for truck lines.

Q: How does aspect ratio affect machine wrapping? A: Low-aspect-ratio tyres (e.g., 35–45 series) have stiff, narrow sidewalls that require steady top press-roller pressure to avoid tracking drift. High-aspect-ratio tyres (e.g., 70–80 series) are more flexible and demand careful tension adjustment on the film brake to avoid pulling the bead inward.

Q: Can the machine run without an air compressor? A: If the wrapper relies strictly on manual tyre positioning without pneumatic top stabilization or auto-ejection kits, it can function purely on electrical power. If fitted with pneumatic stabilizing arms, an industrial supply of 0.4–0.6 MPa clean air is required.

Technical Consultation and Next Steps

To evaluate your tyre size distribution against our standard and custom wrapping rings:

  1. Submit Your Specification Sheet: Send your tyre code list, target shift volume, and line layout drawing to our engineering department at info@fhopepack.com.
  2. Dimensional Matrix Verification: Our packaging engineering team maps your min/max dimensions against our kinematic throat database within 24–48 hours.
  3. Application Proposal: Receive a certified dimensional validation sheet, machine outline drawing, and project quotation.

Related Documentation and Catalog Resources

Стандарты и технические справочники

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